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SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a cryptographic hash function designed by the United States National Security Agency and published in 1995. It produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value, typically expressed as a 40-character hexadecimal number.
⚠️ Security Warning: SHA-1 is considered cryptographically broken and vulnerable to collision attacks since 2005. It should not be used for security-sensitive applications. Consider using stronger algorithms like SHA-256 or SHA-3 for security purposes.
Despite its vulnerabilities, SHA-1 is still used in some legacy systems and specific applications:
| Application | Usage |
|---|---|
| Git | Git uses SHA-1 to identify objects and provide integrity checking |
| TLS/SSL certificates | Older TLS/SSL certificates used SHA-1 for signature generation |
| Checksum verification | File integrity checks and checksum verification in legacy systems |
| Legacy systems | Some older applications and protocols still utilize SHA-1 |
| Algorithm | Output Size | Security Status | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| MD4 | 128 bits | Broken | Legacy systems |
| MD5 | 128 bits | Vulnerable | Checksums, non-crypto uses |
| SHA-1 | 160 bits | Vulnerable | Git, legacy certificates |
| SHA-256 | 256 bits | Secure | Cryptography, blockchain, certificates |
💡 For security-critical applications, always use modern hash algorithms like SHA-256, SHA-3, or BLAKE2. SHA-1 should only be used for compatibility with legacy systems.
