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MD5 (Message Digest Algorithm 5) is a widely used cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1991. It produces a 128-bit (16-byte) hash value, typically expressed as a 32-character hexadecimal number.
⚠️ Security Warning: MD5 is considered cryptographically broken and vulnerable to collision attacks. It should not be used for security-sensitive applications like password hashing or digital signatures. Consider using stronger algorithms like SHA-256 or SHA-3 for security purposes.
Despite its vulnerabilities, MD5 is still widely used for non-security purposes:
Application | Usage |
---|---|
File integrity verification | Checking if files have been altered or corrupted during transfer |
Database indexing | Creating unique identifiers for database records |
Checksums | Verifying data integrity in downloads and backups |
Partitioning data | Distributing data evenly across systems in distributed computing |
Algorithm | Output Size | Security Status | Common Uses |
---|---|---|---|
MD4 | 128 bits | Broken | Legacy systems |
MD5 | 128 bits | Vulnerable | Checksums, non-crypto uses |
SHA-1 | 160 bits | Vulnerable | Git, legacy certificates |
SHA-256 | 256 bits | Secure | Cryptography, blockchain, certificates |
💡 For security-critical applications, always use modern hash algorithms like SHA-256, SHA-3, or BLAKE2. MD5 should only be used for non-security purposes like checksums or partitioning.